Reducing Unemployment through Co-Operative Movement

Reducing Unemployment through Co-Operative Movement

According to Udu et al (1989 : 75) unemployment is defined as a situation in which persons capable and willing to work are unable to find suitable paid employment.  One cannot say precisely the number of unemployed people in our country (Nigeria).  No institution can boost of having the current number of unemployed persons.  In Nigeria today most companies, private institutions and government agencies are forced to retrench a good number of their workers.Every economy experiences some  degree of unemployment.  The ease in changing employment reduces the rate unemployment in any given period.

TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT

–         Seasonal Unemployment

According to Udu et al (1989:76) is the type of unemployment that occurs in industries or activities that are seasonal in nature.  This activities engaged  labour temporarily during the peak periods.  Examples of these includes Christmas Seasons, Shop owners and Companies employ extra hands for the seasonal sales.  Once the season is over people go back to their formal state of life.

–         Normal and Transitional Unemployment.

In construction companies or contract jobs which depend mainly on manual labour, workers are temporarily laid off at the end of major assignments.  Such workers are re-engaged when other jobs become available.   In factories where re-organization takes place, workers are also laid off.

–         Internationally Transmitted unemployment

It is the type of unemployment that takes place in export – oriented industries.

–         Structural Unemployment.

These type of unemployment comes as a result from changes in the pattern of aggregate demand and in the techniques of industry.  This is more of a long-term phenomenon than either seasonal or frictional unemployment.

CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT

–         Permanent fall in the demand for certain product.

–         Demand fall in export-oriented industries

–         Bad weather.

–         Close down of industries and companies

–         Mismanagement of company fund.

–         Introduction of new techniques.

–         Difficulties in importation.

In Nigeria, the period 1970 – 1976 was known as the “oil boom”.  The boom period is over and there is depression all over the country with millions of people out of jobs.  The future is still not certain.  Meanwhile, government has been introducing various ways to restore the economy.  One of these measures is the ban on importation of some goods which is aimed at encouraging the local industries to provide for them and increase export which is believed to help naira gain its value and level in competitive market.

The present governmental economic policies has failed to discover the human dimension of unemployment, this could be traced to a personal problem which is an evident from the statistics of lost of jobs.  Obviously, what we need today is an innovation and a diversified method of creating employment and the answer to this, is the establishment of Co- operative societies.

PROJECTS CO-OPERATIVE CAN INVOLVE IN.

Building of Houses

According  to Obodoechi (2002 : 222),  building of houses is one of the major projects co-operative can involve in.

–         Provision of pipe born water

–         Building of schools

–         Rural electrification

–         Building of health centers

–         Construction of roads.

BENEFITS OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY.

According to Amahalu (2005 : 185), patronage refund is one of the benefits of the members of cooperative society.  By these means surpluses are refunded to members of cooperative.

–         Pure and unadulterated goods:  With co-operative there is no fear of adulteration of commodities or supply of short weight goods.

–         Offering of credit to members and nonmembers.

–         It enable one to get what he/she could not get as an individual(s).

–         Education to members and nonmembers on their rights.

Co-operative is not a magic formular which can cure all ills of unemployment or salvage an ailing economy.  Not minding co-operative have some important contribution too make and have contributed in most areas where potentials have been recognized and fostered with appropriate policies and support.  Also government should embark on cooperative movement since it is the only means of reducing  unemployment and alleviation of poverty.

 

—This article is not complete———–This article is not complete————
This article was extracted from a Project Research Work/Material Topic

REDUCING UNEMPLOYMENT THROUGH CO-OPERATIVE  MOVEMENT (A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH L.G.A) 2000 – 2004.

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